What does this mean? Arthur Andersen (the accounting firm) no longer exists; instead of a Big Five accounting firms we have a Big Four. Will Arthur Andersen rise from the dead? That's just not going to happen. Will the US retry Andersen? I have no idea, but it's irrelevant. Andersen is dead.
As the Wall Street Journal points out in an editorial today, going after the partners would have been a better idea. Most of the employees of Andersen had no idea of what was going on. Does anyone really believe that a tax partner in Seattle knew what the partners in Houston were doing? It was guilt by association. At least the US Justice Department has apparently learned from this. In recent white-collar cases, the Justice Department has gone after the principals.